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Plumbing Repair

Low Water Pressure? Find the Cause in 15 Minutes

Weak water pressure has a dozen possible causes, but one question eliminates most of them instantly: is it one fixture, or the whole house? Answer that and you're 15 minutes from the culprit β€” which is usually a $0 cleaning, not a repipe.

Time15–45 min
DifficultyEasy–Moderate
Typical savings$100–$350
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What you'll need

Step-by-step fix

1

One fixture or everywhere?

One faucet/shower = local blockage (aerator, cartridge, showerhead). Everything = supply-side (valves, PRV, or the utility). This fork decides the rest.

2

Single fixture: clean the aerator or showerhead

Unscrew the faucet tip (tape the pliers' jaws), and soak the screen in vinegar an hour. Showerheads: zip-bag of vinegar rubber-banded over it overnight. Mineral scale is the #1 cause in hard-water areas.

3

Single fixture: flush the cartridge

If cleaning didn't help, debris is in the valve cartridge β€” pull it (see our dripping faucet guide) and rinse. Check the hot side specifically; water heater sediment loves to clog hot lines.

4

Whole house: check both main valves

The street-side meter valve and the house-side main must be FULLY open β€” a valve someone half-closed during past work explains years of mystery pressure loss. Quarter-turn valves parallel to the pipe = open.

5

Whole house: test the pressure and the PRV

Screw the gauge onto an outdoor spigot. 45–80 psi is normal. Low reading + a bell-shaped brass fitting near the main = failing pressure reducing valve; they die at 10–15 years. Adjustable, but replacement is the durable fix.

6

Hot water only weak? Suspect the water heater

Sediment or a partially closed heater valve. Scan your setup with SpotFix AI β€” one photo of the meter/PRV/heater area and it flags the likely restriction point before you open anything.

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Common questions

What's normal home water pressure?
45–80 psi. Below 40 feels weak; above 80 stresses fixtures and voids some appliance warranties β€” that's a PRV adjustment either way.
Why did pressure drop suddenly overnight?
Sudden = a valve got bumped, the PRV failed, or the utility is working the street. Gradual = scale/corrosion. Sudden whole-house drops with a hissing sound = possible leak; check your meter with everything off.
Shower goes cold/weak when someone flushes?
Classic pressure-balance symptom in older valves β€” the fix is a modern pressure-balancing shower valve, a bigger job but a real fix.

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